Which of the following is a consequence of climate change on agriculture?

Climate change has a significant impact on agricultural systems, and one of the primary concerns is the increase in pests and diseases affecting crops. As temperatures rise and weather patterns change, many pests find new habitats that were previously inhospitable, leading to a proliferation in areas where they can thrive. Moreover, warmer temperatures can accelerate the life cycles of pests, allowing them to reproduce more quickly and in greater numbers. This means that crops are not only exposed to a wider variety of pests but also face more severe infestations than they would under stable climate conditions.

Climate change can also lead to stress on plants, making them more susceptible to diseases, which are often exacerbated by increased humidity and changing temperature ranges. As both pests and diseases evolve and adapt to the new climate, they can pose significant threats to food production and crop yields, leading to economic challenges for farmers and food supply systems.

In contrast, increased agricultural exports, more predictable rainfall patterns, and standardized crop prices do not directly stem from the adverse effects of climate change on agriculture. Changes in climate typically lead to unpredictability in weather patterns, affecting agricultural output and, consequently, trade patterns rather than increasing exports or creating stable pricing in global markets.