Which two types of migration are considered major categories?

The major categories of migration are indeed voluntary migration and forced migration. Voluntary migration occurs when individuals choose to relocate for reasons such as better job opportunities, education, or lifestyle changes. People making this choice often feel a sense of agency in their decision to move. In contrast, forced migration refers to situations where individuals are compelled to flee due to factors beyond their control, such as war, persecution, or natural disasters. This category highlights the involuntary nature of such movements, illustrating the significant impact of geopolitical or environmental conditions on human mobility.

The distinction between these two types is crucial in understanding migration patterns, as the motivations behind voluntary and forced migration lead to different challenges and implications for both the migrants and the regions they leave or enter. This understanding is vital for policymakers and organizations working with migrants to address the varying needs of these groups effectively.